CLASS
XII (2014-15)
(THEORY)
One
Paper
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Time: 3 hrs.
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Max Marks: 70
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No. of Periods
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Marks
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Unit I
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Electrostatics
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22
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15
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Unit II
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Current
Electricity
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20
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Unit III
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Magnetic
Effect of Current and Magnetism
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22
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16
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Unit IV
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Electromagnetic
Induction and Alternating Current
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20
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Unit V
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Electromagnetic
Waves
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04
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17
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Unit VI
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Optics
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25
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Unit VII
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Dual Nature of
Matter
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08
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10
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Unit VIII
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Atoms and
Nuclei
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14
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Unit IX
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Electronic
Devices
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15
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12
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Unit X
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Communication
Systems
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10
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Total
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160
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70
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Electric Charges; Conservation of
charge, Coulomb's law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple
charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.
Electric field, electric field due to a
point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a
dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric fleld.
Electric flux, statement of Gauss's
theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight
wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin
spherical shell (field inside and outside).
Electric potential, potential
difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of
charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two
point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, free charges
and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarisation,
capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in
parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric
medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor.
Unit
II: Current Electricity 20 Periods
Electric current, flow of electric
charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation
with electric current; Ohm's law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics
(linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity
and conductivity, Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series
and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance.
110
Internal resistance of a cell, potential
difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel,
Kirchhoff's laws and simple applications, Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge.
Potentiometer - principle and its
applications to measure potential difference and for comparing EMF of two
cells; measurement of internal resistance of a cell.
Unit
III: Magnetic Effects of Current and
Magnetism 22 Periods
Concept of magnetic
field, Oersted's experiment.
Biot - Savart law and
its application to current carrying circular loop.
Ampere's law and its applications to
infinitely long straight wire. Straight and toroidal solenoids, force on a
moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, Cyclotron.
Force on a current-carrying conductor in
a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying
conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in
uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and
conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and
its magnetic dipole moment, magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron,
magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis
and perpendicular to its axis, torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a
uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field
lines; earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements.
Para-, dia- and ferro - magnetic
substances, with examples. Electromagnets and factors affecting their
strengths, permanent magnets.
Unit
IV: Electromagnetic Induction and
Alternating Currents 20 Periods
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's
laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Eddy currents.
Self and mutual
induction.
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value
of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations
(qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits,
wattless current.
AC generator and
transformer.
Unit
V: Electromagnetic waves 04 Periods
Need for displacement current,
Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their Transverse nature
(qualitative ideas only).
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves,
microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including
elementary facts about their uses.
Unit
VI: Optics 25 Periods
Ray Optics: Reflection of light,
spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal
reflection and its applications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical
surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lensmaker's formula, magnification, power
of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, combination of a lens and a
mirror, refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
Scattering of light -
blue colour of sky and reddish apprearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset.
Optical instruments: Microscopes and
astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying
powers.
111
Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen's
principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using
wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen's
principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for
fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction
due to a single slit, width of central maximum, resolving power of microscope
and astronomical telescope, polarisation, plane polarised light, Brewster's
law, uses of plane polarised light and Polaroids.
Unit
VII: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation 08 Periods
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric
effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle
nature of light.
Matter
waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation, Davisson-Germer experiment
(experimental details should be omitted; only conclusion should be explained).
Unit
VIII: Atoms and Nuclei 14 Periods
Alpha-particle scattering experiment;
Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum.
Composition and size of nucleus,
Radioactivity, alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties;
radioactive decay law.
Mass-energy relation, mass defect;
binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission,
nuclear fusion.
Unit
IX: Electronic Devices 15 Periods
Energy bands in
conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only)
Semiconductor diode -
I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier;
Special purpose p-n junction diodes:
LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode and their characteristics, zener
diode as a voltage regulator.
Junction transistor, transistor action,
characteristics of a transistor, transistor as an amplifier (common emitter
configuration), basic idea of analog and digital singals, Logic gates (OR, AND,
NOT, NAND and NOR).
Unit
X: Communication Systems 10 Periods
Elements of a communication system
(block diagram only); bandwidth of signals (speech, TV and digital data);
bandwidth of transmission medium. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the
atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation, satellite communication. Need for
modulation, amplitude modulation and frequency modulation, advantages of
frequency modulation over amplitude modulation. Basic ideas about internet,
mobile telephony and global positioning system (GPS)
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